Wednesday, February 27, 2013

Measurement of Nitrosamine and Nitramine Formation from NOx Reactions with Amines during Amine-Based Carbon Dioxide Capture for Postcombustion Carbon Sequestration

CATEGORY: CARBON CAPTURE
Measurement of Nitrosamine and Nitramine Formation from NOx Reactions with Amines during Amine-Based Carbon Dioxide Capture for Postcombustion Carbon Sequestration
Ning Dai †, Amisha D. Shah †, Lanhua Hu †, Michael J. Plewa ‡, Bruce McKague §, and William A. Mitch *†
william.mitch@yale.edu
† Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, Mason Lab 313b, 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
‡ Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
§ CanSyn Chemical Corporation, Toronto, Canada M5S 3E5
Environ. Sci. Technol., 2012, 46 (17), pp 9793–9801, DOI: 10.1021/es301867b
Abstract
Amine-based technologies have emerged as a major contender for postcombustion CO2 capture. At the same time, concerns for postcombustion applications are focused on the possible contamination of air or drinking water supplies downwind by potentially carcinogenic N-nitrosamines and N-nitramines released following their formation by NOx reactions with amines within the capture unit.
Researchers developed analytical methods for N-nitrosamines in drinking waters to measure specific N-nitrosamines and N-nitramines and total N-nitrosamines in solvent and washwater samples. Application of a 30-fold molar excess of sulfamic acid to nitrite at pH 2 destroyed nitrite with no significant risk of artifactual nitrosation of amines. Analysis of aqueous morpholine solutions purged with different gas-phase NO and NO2 concentrations revealed that N-nitrosamine formation generally exceeds N-nitramine formation. The total N-nitrosamine formation rate was at least an order of magnitude higher for the secondary amine piperazine (PZ) than for the primary amines 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and monoethanolamine (MEA) and the tertiary amine methyldiethanolamine (MDEA).
Full Text Source (Subscription or Fee): http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es301867b

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