Thursday, May 16, 2013

On-line Diagnosing on Trayed Column of Etylene Plant Using Gamma Ray Scanning

Atom Indonesia Vol. 38 No. 3 (2012) 138-146
On-line Diagnosing on Trayed Column of Etylene Plant Using Gamma Ray Scanning
S. Sugiharto
Center for Application of Isotopes and Radiation Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
Abstract
Nuclear based technology called gamma scanning technique found its application for troubleshooting and diagnosing industrial process performance. The success of application of the gamma scanning technique is attributed to its unique ability in providing information which is cannot be obtained by any other techniques. One of the most prominent advantages of the gamma scanning technique was demonstrated by implementing this technology for scanning caustic/water wash tower DA 202 which was running in normal condition of operation. The DA 202 tower is trayed column having diameter of 4.2 m and height of 40 m. The scanning work has been performed using 70 mCi 60Co isotope as gamma emitter and scintillation detector as radiation counter to investigate condition of ten trays, starting from tray # 13 at elevation of 35050 mm to tray # 4 at elevation of 26950 mm above ground level. Scan data show that all trays were in their position. Tray # 4 to tray #10 were functioned properly and carried approximately the same amount of liquid. Light flooding on tray # 11 and heavy flooding on tray # 12 were identified. Partial flooding was identified on tray # 13. Further examination at the time of shutdown it was found that the liquid flooding on tray # 12 was caused by presence of a bucket covered with solidified mud.
INTRODUCTION
Ethylene is produced in petrochemical industry by steam cracking in quench tower. In this process, gaseous or light liquid hydrocarbons are heated to 750-950oC, inducing numerous free radical reaction followed by immediate quench to stop these reactions. This process converts large hydrocarbon chains into smaller ones and introduces unsaturation condition. Ethylene is then separated from the resulting complex mixture by repeating compression and distillation. Caustic/water wash tower DA 202, is one of critical components in continuous ethylene production plants of large petrochemical industry located in Banten province. The column is designed to quench the radical reaction in ethylene line production. Problem identified was pressure increasing of the column.
Problem in this column leads to serious consequences to the plant operation and hence the quality of the product. It is urgently to find out the proper method in order to know what is really happening inside the column. The gamma ray scanning technique as troubleshooting tool was selected to examine the cause of the problem in this column.
The gamma scanning technique is very suitable to be implemented for troubleshooting and diagnosing of technically complex, continuously operating industrial plants. The advantage of the gamma scanning technique is that this technique is applied just at the time when the plant is in operation. Petrochemical and chemical process industries are the main users and beneficiaries of the column scanning technology  
In engineering applications, gamma scanning technique has been used for inspection of various processing units of industrial plants and has been reviewed [3,4] and documented. Gamma scanning technique with one source-one detector was used to for multiphase flow regime of hydrocarbon in the horizontal pipeline transport , distillation columns [7,8], and debutanizer of Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) in petroleum plant. The gamma scanning technique was also used for characterization of radioactive waste in the container [10,11]. In combination with tomographic system, gamma scanning was used to assay radioactive waste.
In this paper on-line measurement of radiation intensity using gamma scanning technique is demonstrated to figure out the source of the problem in trayed column of quench tower DA 202.
Free Full Text Source: http://aij.batan.go.id/index.php/aij/article/viewFile/179/131

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