A study of mixture preparation and PM emissions using a direct injection engine fuelled with stoichiometric gasoline/ethanol blends

Fuel, 2012, vol. 96, pp. 120-130
A study of mixture preparation and PM emissions using a direct injection engine fuelled with stoichiometric gasoline/ethanol blends
Auteur(s) / Author(s)
Longfei Chen (1) ; Stone Richard (2) ; Richardson Dave (3) ;
(1) School of Jet Propulsion, Beihang University, CHINE
(2) Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, ROYAUME-UNI
(3) Jaguar Cars, ROYAUME-UNI
Abstract
Describes a study of the effect of gasoline/ethanol blends in varying blending proportions  on the characteristics of size-resolved particulate number and mass concentrations in a single-cylinder optical access engine using a differential mobility spectrometer (DMS500) under cold and warm conditions  at a stoichiometric condition.
Researchers also studied the effects on the fuel spray characteristics by capturing the injection images and by post-processing to compare the temporal development of the spray with the different fuels. Both the total Pn (Particulate number) and Pm (Particulate mass) increase by a maximum of 16 and 11 for cold conditions and 7 and 8 for warm conditions with increases in ethanol volumetric percentage. Natural flame chemiluminescence images showed that fuels with high ethanol proportions generated more soot than fuels with small blending percentages of ethanol. Spray images and combustion analysis showed that ethanol addition results in protracted injection and combustion periods.
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