Leak Detection System in Pipeline Gas Distribution; Requirements and Considerations

CATEGORY: PIPELINES: LEAK DETECTION
Leak Detection System in Pipeline Gas Distribution; Requirements and Considerations

Type	Conference Paper
Author	Vijay Mookonil
Author	Joel Bauzon
URL	https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-183290-MS
Publisher	Society of Petroleum Engineers
Date	2016-11-07
Conference Name	Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference
Abstract	GASCO pipeline network is a vast distribution network for transporting various products such as NGL, Sales Gas, and Condensate etc. across the emirate to various customers and beyond. There is no shutdown of the pipeline normally considered as they are networked and needs to be deliver uninterrupted supply of Gas to consumers. The leakage of hydrocarbon products from a pipeline not only represents the loss of natural resources but is also a serious and dangerous environmental pollution and also could lead to potential fire and explosion. In-order to safeguard the overall integrity of the network & to avoid environmental/protection loss, protection against minor or major leak is of prime importance. The PLDS technology plays an important role in identification, detection and localization of a leak for a pipeline, to prevent (environmental and production) loss. The objective of the paper is to highlight and emphasis the importance of PLDS system as a preventive maintenance tool and present the viable technologies with comparative analysis of its performance and limitations (considerations, design, implementation etc.). The paper shall also brief on the recent implementation of LDS technology in GASCO pipeline network via various ongoing projects.

Research on the leakage monitoring of oil pipeline using BOTDR

CATEGORY: PIPELINE LEAKAGE MONITORING
Research on the leakage monitoring of oil pipeline using BOTDR

Type	Conference Paper
Author	F. Wang
Author	Zhenqing Sun
URL	http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7735790/
Pages	4907-4910
Date	August 2016
Conference Name	2016 Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS)
Abstract	It is important to detect the leakage of oil pipeline in a timely manner to reduce the losses and ensure the smooth operation of oil pipeline. However, monitoring leakage is difficult due to the fact that, typically, the pipeline is long and is often buried underground or underwater. Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR), which can measure the temperature of fiber in a distributed manner, has good potential in monitoring the leakage of oil pipeline. Researchers studied the feasibility of monitoring the leakage of oil pipeline by using BOTDR with both laboratory experiments and field tests. Authors explain the principle of the BOTDR. They report laboratory experiments conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of BOTDR in the leakage monitoring. Several sensing cables with different structures were evaluated by comparing their effectiveness in the leakage monitoring. Four kinds of laying styles of the sensing cables were compared as well. Field tests were conducted by simulating the leakage of oil pipeline. The monitoring effects for different leakage amounts were tested with BOTDR. The sensing cable suitable to monitor the leakage of oil pipeline was selected by considering both the effect of leakage monitoring and the economics. A few laying styles were compared by testing the sensitivity of detecting the leakage of pipeline. Test results revealed that the laying style of straight line along the pipeline can detect the leakage of 1.1m3/h.

The API 1149 Update, Model-Based Leak Detection Uncertainty Assessment

CATEGORY: PIPELINE LEAK DETECTION
The API 1149 Update, Model-Based Leak Detection Uncertainty Assessment

Type	Conference Paper
Author	Nikolaos Salmatanis
Author	Jon Van Reet
URL	https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/PSIG-1507
Publisher	Pipeline Simulation Interest Group
Date	2015-05-20
Conference Name	PSIG Annual Meeting
Abstract	The American Petroleum Institute (API) publication number 1149 (first published in 1993) is perhaps the first accepted industry procedure for the numerical assessment of uncertainty in software-based Computational Pipeline Monitoring

Dual-tree complex wavelet transform and SVD based acoustic noise reduction and its application in leak detection for natural gas pipeline

CATEGORY: PIPELINE LEAK DETECTION
Dual-tree complex wavelet transform and SVD based acoustic noise reduction and its application in leak detection for natural gas pipeline

Type	Journal Article
Author	Xuchao Yu
Author	Wei Liang
URL	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088832701500494X
Volume	72–73
Pages	266-285
Publication	Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing
Date	May 2016
Abstract	Leak detection for natural gas pipeline is a major concern for pipeline operators and researchers. Acoustic wave method is an effective way to identify and localize leakage for gas pipeline. Considering the fact that noises inevitably exist in the acoustic signals collected, noise reduction should be enforced on the signals for subsequent data mining and analysis. Authors propose an integrated acoustic noise reduction method based on DTCWT and SVD. Both simulation and field experiments show that DTCWT-SVD is an excellent method for acoustic noise reduction. At the end of this study, application in leakage localization shows that it becomes much easier and a little more accurate to estimate the location of leak hole after noise reduction by DTCWT-SVD.

Detecting and Correcting Pipeline Leaks Before They Become a Big Problem

CATEGORY: PIPELINE LEAK DETECTION
Detecting and Correcting Pipeline Leaks Before They Become a Big Problem

Type	Journal Article
Author	Ron Cramer
Author	David Shaw
Volume	49
Issue	1
Pages	31-46
Publication	Marine Technology Society Journal
Date	2015-01-01
URL	https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-167874-MS
Abstract	Timely pipeline leak detection is a significant business issue. It is vital to flag containment loss and location quickly, credibly, and reliably for all green or brown field critical lines in order to shut down the line safely and isolate the leak. Pipelines are designed to transport hydrocarbons safely. However, leaks have severe safety, economic, environmental, and reputational effects. Authors highlight robust, reliable, and cost-effective methods, most of which leverage real-time instrumentation, telecommunications, SCADA, DCS, and associated online leak detection applications. They review the underlying leak detection business issues, catalog the functional challenges, and describe experiences with available technologies. Internal and external techniques will be described, including basic rate of change of flow and pressure, compensated mass balance, statistical, real-time transient modeling, acoustic wave sensing, fiber optic cable (distributed temperature, distributed acoustic sensing), and subsea hydrophones. The paper will also describe related credibility, deployment, organizational, and maintenance issues with an emphasis on upstream applications. The scope will include leak detection for pipelines conveying various flowing fluids—gas, liquid, and multiphase flow. Pipeline environments will include subsea and onshore. Advantages, disadvantages, and experiences with these techniques will be described and analyzed.