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Abstract
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Sulfate-reducing
bacteria (SRB), an anaerobic bacterial group, are found in many environments,
including freshwater, marine sediments, agricultural soil, and oil wells
where sulfate is present. SRB derives energy from such electron donors as
sulfate, elemental sulfur or metals, and fermenting nitrate. It is the major
bacterial group involved in the microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC),
souring, and biofouling problems in oil-gas-producing facilities as well as
transporting and storage facilities.
Sulfate-reducing
bacteria SRB utilizes sulfate ions as an electron acceptor and produce H2S, a
corrosion agent, causing severe economic damage. Various theories have been
proposed on the direct involvement of H2S and iron sulfides in corrosion. H2S
directly attacks and causes corrosion of metals and alloys. Authors focus on
SRB corrosion and the role of molecular biology tools in SRB corrosion
studies viz. cathodic and anodic depolarization theories, corrosion
characteristics of thermophilic SRB and influence of hydrogenase,
temperature, and pressure in thermophilic SRB corrosion, SRB taxonomy,
molecular approaches adopted in SRB taxonomical studies, sulfate and citrate
metabolism analyses in completed SRB genomes, and comparative studies on
SRB’s dissimilatory sulfite reductase structures.
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