Lubricant compositions containing ionic liquids (Shell)

CATEGORY: LUBRICANTS
PATENT
Lubricant compositions containing ionic liquids (Shell)
Publication number WO2013158473 A1
Publication type Application
Application number PCT/US2013/036281
Publication date Oct 24, 2013
Inventors
Cheng Chen, Allison Elaine Falender, Brian Lee Papke
Applicant
Shell Oil Company, Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Abstract
An internal combustion engine lubricant composition comprising: an engine lubricant composition comprising: a base oil and an ionic liquid which comprises: one or more cations selected from the group of quaternary amine cations, 2-hydroxyethyl trimethyl ammonium, imidazolium cations, piperidinium cations, and pyridinium cations, and one or more anions selected from the group of succinimide, thiophenolate, sulfonimidate, and anions that may be represented by the formula: wherein Y is any alkyl, or an alkoxylated, or aromatic functional group. Also provided is a method for minimizing deposit formation in internal combustion engines. A method for removing engine deposits is also provided.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The instant disclosure relates to a lubricant composition containing ionic liquids and methods of using such compositions.
[0003] Auto manufacturers and governments continue to request improved fuel economy performance and robustness of motor oils, including improvements in high temperature oxidation, reducing high temperature piston deposit
formation, reducing engine sludge formation, and improving wear. Reductions in piston deposit formation and engine sludge are also important in extending engine life.
Generally, detergents and dispersants are added to engine lubricating oil compositions to minimize piston deposit and engine sludge formation. Such detergents and dispersants typically contain hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails and polar heads. Normally the treat rate of dispersants is 3-6%.
Addition of detergents and dispersants, as is currently practiced, may reduce or remove sludge formation. However, such additives generally significantly increase the kinematic viscosity of the lubricant composition, thereby reducing fuel economy. Further, addition of detergents and/or dispersants should have no adverse effect on fluoroelastomer
compatibility when the engine lubricating oil composition is to be used in an engine with seal material that comprises a fluorinated polymer. Especially crankcase lubricants should be compatible with fluoroelastomers.
[0004] The disclosure provides a lubricant composition containing specific ionic liquid additives which provide a reduction in engine deposits and sludge (hereafter referred to as 'deposits') without a significant increase in kinematic viscosity. Furthermore, specific ionic liquid additives have been found that show an unexpected high compatibility with fluoroelastomers. In particular, specific ionic liquid additives have been found that show a surprisingly high compatibility with fluoroelastomers in the VW PV3334
specification test.
SUMMARY
[0005] The instant disclosure provides lubricant
compositions, methods for minimizing deposit buildup in engines and methods for removing deposits from engines.
[0006] In one embodiment, the instant disclosure provides an engine lubricant composition comprising: a base oil and an ionic liquid which comprises:
- one or more cations selected from the group of quaternary amine cations, 2-hydroxyethyl trimethyl ammonium, imidazolium cations, piperidinium cations, and pyridinium cations, and
- one or more anions selected from the group of succinimide, thiophenolate, sulfonimidate, and anions that may be
represented by the formula:
0
o ¹¹
0-C - Y
wherein Y is any alkyl, or an alkoxylated, or aromatic
functional group.
[0007] In one embodiment, the instant disclosure provides a method for minimizing the formation of engine deposits comprising: preparing a lubricant composition according to the present invention; and lubricating an engine with the lubricant composition.
[0008] In one embodiment, the instant disclosure provides a method for removing engine deposits comprising: preparing a lubricant composition according to the present invention; and lubricating an engine having a deposit of sludge therein with the lubricant composition.
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