Determination of Cr, Ni, Pb and V in gasoline and ethanol fuel by microwave plasma optical emission spectrometry

J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2013,28, 755-759, DOI: 10.1039/C3JA30344F
Determination of Cr, Ni, Pb and V in gasoline and ethanol fuel by microwave plasma optical emission spectrometry
George L. Donati, (a)  Renata S. Amais, (a)  Daniela Schiavo (b) and   Joaquim A. Nóbrega (a)
georgedonati@yahoo.com.br
a Group of Applied Instrumental Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
b Agilent Technologies, São Paulo, Brazil
Abstract
Presents simple procedures for the determination of Cr, Ni, Pb and V in gasoline and ethanol fuel by microwave plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES). Researchers simply diluted ethanol fuel samples in an aqueous 1% v/v HNO3 solution.
For gasoline, they prepared microemulsions in n-propanol. The MIP OES instrument requires no separate gas source since a N2 gas generator coupled to a simple air compressor is sufficient to maintain the microwave-induced plasma. An external gas control module (EGCM) was used to inject air into the plasma in order to minimize background emissions and avoid carbon deposition on the torch and on the pre-optical window. The Flow Blurring Nebulizer (FBN) technology was also employed to ensure more efficient and homogeneous sample aerosols, which contributes to plasma stability and lower limits of detection (LODs). Nebulizer gas pressure and plasma viewing position were optimized separately for each analyte.
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