Graphene based catalysts for deep hydrodesulfurization of naphtha and diesel fuels: A physiochemical study

Graphene based catalysts for deep hydrodesulfurization of naphtha and diesel fuels: A physiochemical study

Type	Journal Article
Author	Zeinab Hajjar
Author	Mohammad Kazemeini
URL	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236115010455
Volume	165
Pages	468-476
Publication	Fuel
Date	February 1, 2016
Abstract	Reports synthesis of graphene materials with solid camphor (C10H16O) and methane gas as carbon precursors using atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique at a temperature range of 900–1000 °C for a period of 45 min over copper nanoparticles. Researchers studied the influence of the carbon precursors upon the shape, number of layers and yield of the synthesized graphene samples. In this venue, the compounds synthesized were functionalized with oxygen groups and impregnated by cobalt and molybdenum active phases. Moreover, the total metal loading and Co/Mo weight ratio of prepared compounds were adjusted to their industrial nominal values of 10% and 0.33, respectively. The synthesized compounds were characterized through the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques as well as; BET–BJH, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), and Temperature Programmed Desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) analyses. In terms of synthesis of graphene material, results revealed that graphene sheets with a high yield of 90% and less than 5 layers were obtained from camphor. The evaluations of the HDS of naphtha with 1350 ppm of sulfur demonstrated a considerably higher activity of the carbonaceous based catalysts synthesized compared with the industrial alumina based catalyst. In addition, the sulfur content of the diesel feed was reduced from 13,000 to 15 ppm using camphoric based catalysts at approximately mild reaction conditions.