CATEGORY: WATER CONSERVATION
Proceedings of International Conference on Heat
Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning, June 9-14, 2013, Budapest, Hungary
Effect
of fouling on the thermal performance of condensers and on the water
consumption in cooling tower systems
X. Wu (1) and L. Cremaschi (1)
xiaxiao.wu@okstate.edu , cremasc@okstate.edu
1 Oklahoma State University, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Stillwater,
OK
Abstract
Circulating water in cooling tower systems contains an excess amount of mineral
ions. When this hard water is heated inside condensers, these minerals
precipitate and deposition of unwanted material on the heat transfer surface
reduces overall heat transfer performance. Fresh water is often used to
mitigate fouling but then water conservation might become a concern.
This
paper focuses on fouling effects on the thermal and hydraulic performance of
condensers and on the water consumption of cooling twoere systems. Two braze
plate heat exchangers and a smooth tube-in-tube heat exchanger were
experimentally investigated under fouling operating conditions. A model for the
mineral species dissociation and mineral precipitation on the heat transfer
surfaces was developed.
By considering a semi-empirical relation for the fouling deposition
strength factor, the simulation results predicted the fouling thermal
resistance with an error of 30%. Model limitations and research needs for
potential improvements are discussed.
Free Full Text Source: http://www.heatexchanger-fouling.com/papers/papers2013/19_Wu_F.pdf
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